In solids, heat is transmitted primarily by direct contact between particles.

In solids, heat is transmitted primarily by direct contact between particles.

• A. Radiation
• B. Conduction
• C. Convection
• D. Absorption

Answer: (B)

Heat moves through a solid mainly by conduction, which is energy transfer through direct contact and interactions between neighboring particles. When one region gets warmer, its particles have more kinetic energy and transfer some of that energy to adjacent particles through collisions and vibrations in the lattice. In metals, free electrons also shuttle energy rapidly from hot zones to cooler ones, boosting conduction further. The other options don’t describe how heat travels inside a solid. Radiation is energy transfer by electromagnetic waves and can occur across spaces, not just through direct contact. Convection requires a moving fluid to carry heat, which solids don’t provide. Absorption is about a material taking in energy, not the method by which energy is transported through the material.

Heat moves through a solid mainly by conduction, which is energy transfer through direct contact and interactions between neighboring particles. When one region gets warmer, its particles have more kinetic energy and transfer some of that energy to adjacent particles through collisions and vibrations in the lattice. In metals, free electrons also shuttle energy rapidly from hot zones to cooler ones, boosting conduction further.

The other options don’t describe how heat travels inside a solid. Radiation is energy transfer by electromagnetic waves and can occur across spaces, not just through direct contact. Convection requires a moving fluid to carry heat, which solids don’t provide. Absorption is about a material taking in energy, not the method by which energy is transported through the material.